Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that can cause illness in animals and humans. The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly discovered strain that causes the coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
There
are several types of coronaviruses, including:
- Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
- Middle East
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
- Novel Coronavirus
(SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19.
SARS-CoV
and MERS-CoV are both respiratory viruses that can cause severe illness, while
SARS-CoV-2 is the newest strain that emerged in late 2019 and has since become
a global pandemic.
Causes:
SARS-CoV-2 spreads
primarily through respiratory droplets when an infected person talks, sneezes,
or coughs. It can also be contracted by touching a surface contaminated with
the virus and then touching one's mouth, nose, or eyes.
Symptoms:
The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and fatigue. Other symptoms can include body aches, sore throat, runny nose, shortness of breath, loss of taste or smell, and rashes.
Treatment plan:
There is no
specific treatment for COVID-19, but most people with mild symptoms recover on
their own. Those with severe illness may require hospitalization and oxygen
therapy. Antiviral drugs and antibodies can be used to reduce the severity of
the illness and prevent hospitalization. The most important thing individuals
can do to prevent the spread of the virus is to practice good hygiene, such as
washing their hands frequently and wearing a mask. Vaccines are also available
to help prevent infection with the virus.
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